An Update on Product Recalls

Abstract

A firm producing consumer products cannot shield itself from product recalls 100% of the time. However, actions can be undertaken to decrease the likelihood of having to recall a product. Once a recall is inevitable, and the process begins, the firm can make the recall process a much smoother one than it would be for an unprepared firm. After the recall is complete, the firm will still have a great deal of work to do to bring it to the best possible conclusion. Regardless of the severity of the recall, there will almost always be opportunities for the firm to improve its processes and to gain the confidence of consumers.     

The influence of intraday seasonality on volatility transmission pattern

Using data on a five-minute interval basis, this article analyses the effects of intraday seasonality on volatility transmission between the spot and futures markets of the CAC40, DAX30 and FTSE100. Remarkable differences in the impulse response analysis and in the dynamic and directional measurement of volatility spillovers are encountered depending on whether the intraday periodic component is considered. Thus, the convenience of removing intraday seasonality seems to be critical to reduce the risk of spurious causality when employing high-frequency data in volatility transmission. Moreover, the impact of market microstructure noise seems negligible when using an optimal frequency of observations.     

如何发挥产业转移的雾霾治理效应?——基于长三角地区的实证研究

为探究如何借助产业转移实现雾霾污染的有效治理,文章以长三角地区内各城市 PM2.5 日均浓度为样本,在运用 Hsiao 格兰杰因果检验等计量方法揭示了区域内城市间雾霾污染溢出效 应具体特征的基础上,指出了怎样的产业转移才能实现雾霾治理的效果。实证结果表明:(1)区 域内各城市雾霾污染的溢出效应是普遍存在的;(2)各城市雾霾溢出效应的强弱与其地理位置有 关;(3)污染程度较高的城市并不一定呈现出更强的溢出效应。故结合产业现状来看,现行的产 业转移并不能有效缓解长三角地区的雾霾污染问题,必须结合雾霾污染及溢出特征调整产业转移 政策、优化产业转移方向,实施区域协同治理、集中化高效治理。     

An Empirical Study of International Spillover of Sovereign Risk to Bank Credit Risk

The severity and complexity of the recent financial crisis has motivated the need for understanding the relationships between sovereign ratings and bank credit ratings. This is the first study to examine the impact of the “international” spillover of sovereign risk to bank credit risk through both a ratings channel and an asset holdings channel. In the first case, the downgrade of sovereign ratings in GIIPS (Greece, Italy, Ireland, Portugal, and Spain) countries leads to rating downgrades of banks in the peripheral countries. The second channel indicates that larger asset holdings of GIIPS debt increases the credit risk of cross‐border banks, and hence, the probabilities of downgrade.     

R&D Spillovers for Public R&D Productivity

ABSTRACT

This paper empirically investigates whether the productivity of a public (government-funded) R&D project improves when the aggregate R&D investment in the same technology field increases. Based on the unique project level data that cover almost entire public R&D projects in Korea, this paper shows that aggregate investment in other public R&D projects in the same technology field increases a public R&D project’s outputs both independent of its project expenditure (additive spillover effects) and interactive with its project expenditure (multiplicative spillover effects). The spillover effects from the aggregate private R&D investment in the same technology field also exist, but to a much lesser extent.     

Does Foreign Direct Investment Affect the Growth of Local Firms？ The Case of China＇s Electrical and Electronics Industry

Does foreign direct investment(FDI) into developing countries affect the growth of local firms in host countries? Using a dataset of 38 sectors in China’s electrical and electronics industry,in this paper,we analyze whether FDI has a positive effect on local firms,with technology spillovers,added value and increasing total factor productivity,or a negative, market stealing,effect.Estimating the relationship between growth of local firms and investment of foreign firms,our results show that FDI is likely to have a negative impact on the growth of local firms in sectors with large disparities in technology and less experience in business.Therefore,local firms lacking in technology need to find markets with no competition from foreign firms or determine strategies to compensate technology disparities.     

我国省区环境污染资源损失及其外溢效应研究

测量环境污染损失和资源损耗的经济价值(环境污染资源损失)是制定环境资源政策的关键。为此,沿用世界银行2011年发布的方法测量了我国30个省区2004—2009年的人均环境污染资源损失,分析了它的区域分布特点并验证了其外溢效应的存在性。结果表明,我国省区间人均环境污染资源损失存在显著的正外溢效应。这种效应在空间上表现为损失程度相近的省区彼此集聚,在政策举措上表现为省区的环境资源政策行为相互模仿。这种外溢效应主要源于东部省区内部;其次源于中部与西部跨区之间;另外在中部省区内部以及东部与中部跨区之间也存在一定的正外溢效应。     

沪深股市收益率及波动性特征分析研究

中国金融市场的波动性从来都是备受关注的,本文对2000年1月4日～2010年5月26日沪深两市的收益率数据进行实证研究,得出中国金融市场收益率具有尖峰厚尾的特征和ARCH效应。并检验股市的溢出效应与杠杆效应等一系列特征,得出深市具有单向的溢出效应以及沪深两市具有正的杠杆效应。最后结合中国的股市现状给出相关分析与建议。     

河北省中小企业融资困境及对策研究

中小企业在促进河北省经济增长、就业增加等方面功不可没。然而融资难题却始终制约其健康发展,研究发现,应从企业自身、融资机构及融资环境三方面对症施治。